The Role of High Courts in the Judicial System

High Courts are very important in the judicial system. They are the highest courts within each state or union territory in India, just below the Supreme Court. Each High Court has authority over a specific area, and it works to make sure the law is followed, rights are protected, and justice is served. They handle different types of cases through four main powers: original, appellate, supervisory, and writ jurisdiction. High Courts have "original jurisdiction," meaning they can hear certain cases directly. This includes cases related to basic rights, constitutional issues, election disputes, and cases that are beyond the reach of lower courts. This allows people to bring important matters straight to the High Court if they believe their rights have been violated, which helps make justice more accessible.

Another key role of High Courts is as "appellate" courts, where they review cases that have already been decided by lower courts. This means they check the decisions made by lower courts in civil, criminal, and administrative cases to ensure they are fair and follow the law. If there were any mistakes in the original decision, the High Court has the power to correct them. High Courts also have a "supervisory jurisdiction," which means they oversee lower courts to make sure they are operating correctly and following legal procedures. This helps keep the judicial process consistent and fair across the state, as High Courts can guide and monitor these courts to ensure they stick to the rules. Finally, High Courts have "writ jurisdiction," which allows them to issue orders called writs to protect people’s rights. There are different types of writs for different purposes, like preventing wrongful detention or making sure officials are acting lawfully. These writs are powerful tools that High Courts use to make sure government actions are fair and lawful. High Courts play a crucial role in providing justice, protecting people’s rights, and making sure laws are applied fairly across the state. They are a strong part of the judicial system, helping to ensure everyone has access to justice and that the law is followed.